The Sciences Behind Episode 100
Every study Dr. Ben Bikman and Dr. Dominic D'Agostino referenced in this conversation, with links to the source research.
Skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin resistance: evidence for a paradox in endurance-trained athletes
Goodpaster et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2001). The "athlete's paradox."
Lipid-induced insulin resistance mediated by the proinflammatory receptor TLR4 requires saturated fatty acid–induced ceramide biosynthesis in mice
Holland & Bikman et al., J Clin Invest (2011). How ceramides drive insulin resistance.
Limited Effect of Dietary Saturated Fat on Plasma Saturated Fat in the Context of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet
Forsythe & Volek et al., Lipids (2010). Blood saturated fat tracks carbohydrate intake, not dietary fat.
Sources of fatty acids stored in liver and secreted via lipoproteins in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Donnelly et al., J Clin Invest (2005). Roughly 59% of the fat stored in the liver comes from body fat.
Ketones Elicit Distinct Alterations in Adipose Mitochondrial Bioenergetics
Bikman lab, Int J Mol Sci (2020). Beta-hydroxybutyrate and mitochondrial uncoupling in fat tissue.
Divergent Hepatic Outcomes of Chronic Ketone Supplementation: Ketone Salts Preserve Liver Health While Ketone Esters and Precursors Drive Inflammation and Steatosis
Ari & D'Agostino et al., Pharmaceuticals. 1,3-butanediol precursors and liver stress.
Disparate Hepatic Mitochondrial and Inflammatory Effects of Ketone Supplements
Bikman et al., Nutrients. 1,3-butanediol compromises mitochondrial Complex II.
Enantiomer-Specific Cardiovascular Effects of the Ketone Body 3-Hydroxybutyrate
J Am Heart Assoc (porcine). L-beta-hydroxybutyrate, cardiac output, and afterload.
White Matter Lipids as a Ketogenic Fuel Supply in Aging Female Brain: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease
Klosinski et al., EBioMedicine (2015). The menopausal brain turning to its own myelin for ketones.
Perimenopause and Emergence of an Alzheimer's Bioenergetic Phenotype in Brain and Periphery
Mosconi et al., PLoS One (2017). Glucose hypometabolism across the menopause transition.
Semaglutide suppresses cocaine taking, seeking, and cocaine-evoked dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol (2025). GLP-1 medications and addiction pathways.
Personalized Combination of a Ketogenic Diet and Low-Dose Semaglutide for Cardiometabolic Health: A Retrospective Case Series
J Pers Med. Low-dose GLP-1 paired with a ketogenic approach.
Live Q&A
Exploring the Future of Metabolic Health & Insulin Resistance
with Ben Bikman, PhD
Wednesday, August 19th · 9am PT / 12pm ET
Hosted by Victoria Field and Dr. Dominic D'Agostino
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